Compact Reflect Array Antenna for Space Applications

Small satellites open new possibilities for flexible space missions, reducing costs and shortening development cycles. At the same time, they impose unique demands on communication systems, as size, weight, and power consumption are highly constrained onboard small satellites. Many conventional antenna concepts are difficult to implement under these conditions.

Mechanically steerable parabolic antennas are known for their high gain but often prove too heavy and bulky for small platforms. Active phased array antennas with fully integrated signal processing offer enormous flexibility and high data rates but require more power and increase system complexity. Not every mission requires such a high level of controllability and performance but rather a balanced compromise between effort, cost and gain.

Our reflect array antenna bridges the gap between traditional reflector technology and complex multibeam systems. It produces directional radiation through a flat, electronically tunable reflector surface without any mechanical movement or complex RF transmission electronics. The result is an exceptionally compact, energy-efficient solution, ideal for CubeSats, nanosatellites, and other mounting space-constrained applications.

Reinventing the reflector principle

The reflect array antenna uses a passive, reconfigurable reflector surface for targeted beamforming, fundamentally differing from classic phased array systems where each antenna element actively transmits or receives. The planar surface consists of 12 x 12 controllable patch elements that reflect the incoming signal and, through targeted phase delay, form a focused beam. Functionally, this is equivalent to a parabolic reflector implemented in a flat, weight-optimized structure.

A central antenna feed illuminates the reflector surface, while phase control is achieved via integrated, electronically switchable components. This allows flexible adjustment of the radiation angle, for example, dynamic tracking of moving targets such as ground stations or neighboring satellites.

Reflect array antenna close-up
© Fraunhofer IIS/Paul Pulkert

Versatile use
with limited
space and budget 

The reflect array antenna shows its strengths where conventional reflectors or active arrays hit physical and technical limits. Especially on small satellite platforms where weight, power, and mounting space are limited, it offers a flexible, easy-to-integrate alternative.

Whether for tracking downlinks to changing ground stations, stable inter-satellite links, or as a retrofit antenna in existing satellite structures, this antenna system provides a compact solution to demanding communication scenarios. Terrestrial applications, such as signal redirection or targeted beam tracking, also benefit from its flat design and electronic control.

On track for deployment in orbit

A first demonstrator of the reflect array antenna was successfully tested in the Ka-band in 2024. Currently, an advanced, foldable version with an enlarged reflector surface is being developed, specifically designed for use on small-scale satellite platforms. It offers higher gain without sacrificing the benefits of a flat design or simple control architecture. Initial prototypes are expected to be available in 2026.

The antenna is licensable and can be customized to meet project specific requirements. We support you from the concept phase through commissioning. Whether for serial integration or technological feasibility studies, together we develop a solution that optimally supports your mission objectives.

Technical specifications: flat, light, controllable

  • Frequency range: Ka-band up to 30 GHz
  • Example reflector surface: 12 × 12 active antenna elements
  • Six-layer printed circuit board with
    integrated control electronics
  • Large coverage area:
    • Beam steering up to +/- 60° relative to the main axis
    • 360° in azimuth direction
  • Electronically programmable beam
    steering per element
  • Ultracompact design: thickness < 10 mm, weight < 80 g
  • Control unit: STM32 Nucleo with
    embedded software

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